Phasing network



March 9, 1948. N. w. ARAM PHASING NETWORK Filed July 2, 1942 2Sheets-Sheet 1 March 9, 1948. N. w. ARAM 2,437,495

PHASING NETWORK Filed July 2, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 9,1948 PHASING NETWORK Nathan W. Aram, Chicago, Ill., assignor to ZenithRadio Corporation, Chicago, 111., a corporation of Illinois ApplicationJuly 2, 1942, Serial No. 449,438

21 Claims. 1

This invention relates to phasing networks and particularly to networkswhich are arranged to supply power in proper phase relationship to aplurality of feeder lines.

A further object of the invention is to provide such a phasing networkof coaxial lines of correctly matched impedances whereby equal powerdistribution of desired phase relationship among all of said pluralityof lines is obtained.

A further object of the invention is to provide such a network adaptedfor the correct distribution of power of varying frequency in which thenetworks inherently provide compensation for variation of impedances ofradiating elements with variation of frequency.

A further object of the invention is to provide a coaxial line networkfor equally distributin power from two main feeder coaxial lines toeight feeder coaxial lines in desired relative phase relationship.

A further object of the invention is to provide a coaxial line networkfor equally distributing power in desired phase relation from two mainfeeder lines to four pairs of feeder coaxial lines, the four pairs beingarranged in symmetrical relation, each pair being opposite another pair,each main feeder line being connected directly to one of opposite pairsand by other coaxial lines to the other of such pair and to the lines ofanother pair.

A further object of the invention is to provide a coaxial line networkfor equally distributing power in desired phase relation from one or twomain feeder lines to four pairs of feeder coaxial lines, the four pairsbeing arranged in symmetrical relation, each pair being opposite anotherpair, the main feeder lines being connected to lines of adjacent pairsand each being connected by other coaxial lines to the other of suchpair and to the lines of another pair.

Other objects, advantages and capabilities will appear fnom thefollowing description of a preferred embodiment thereof taken inconjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a wiring diagram of one embodiment of my invention;

Fig, 2 is a wiring diagram of a further embodiment of my invention; and

Fig. 3 is a wiring diagram of a still further embodiment of myinvention.

In my application Serial No. 449,437, filed July 2, 1942, now Patent2,338,564, I have disclosed an improved turnstile antenna which employseight vertical coaxial feeder lines for the supply of energy in properphase to radiating elements.

These vertical feeder lines are arranged in pairs round a mast whichcarries the radiating elements. Two of these vertical coaxial linessupply the north, for example, radiating elements, two others the southradiating elements, two others the east radiating elements, and twoothers the west radiatin elements. It will, of course, be understoodthat the principal points of the compass have been selected merely forthe purpose of ease of reference. While my improved phasing network iswell adapted for employment with such a turnstile antenna, it will be.understood that the invention is not intended to be limited to thatpurpose since it may be used in connection with other apparatus in whichit is desired to distribute energy in desired phase relationship.

Referring to Fig. 1, the reference numerals 10, II, l2, l3, I l, l5, l6and 11 represent points on the vertical feeder lines of theapplicationreferred to, which points, for convenience, are referred toby the same numbers, on a reference plane, which may be a suitable planebelow the radiating elements.

- For the antenna disclosed in the application referred to, the points16 and 12 are fed in opposite phase. The points I! and I3 must lag thephase of It and I2, respectively, by degrees. The phasing of the points10, ll, l4 and [5 must be similar relatively to that of points I6, ll,l2 and I3, but between these two groups there must exist phasequadrature, In other words, one group must lead the other group byninety degrees. In this embodiment, the former group I0, H, M and I5, isarranged to lag the latter group I6, ll, l2 and 43.

Two balanced coaxial main feeder lines l8 and i9 are connected throughquarter wave length transformers 2B and 2! to the points [6 and I 2,respectively. The points It and I! and the points 12 and [3 areconnected respectively by means of half wave loops 22 and 23,respectively, which loops are also coaxial lines. The points I6 and i2are connected by quarter wave loops 24 and 25 to the two points it andI0, respectively. The two points [4 and I0, respectively, are connectedby half wave loops 26 and 21 to the p ints l5 and II, respectively. Theloops 24, 25, 26 and 21 are also preferably coaxial lines.

It will of course be understood that various changes may be made withoutdeviating from the spirit of the invention. Thus, the loops 24 and 25may be connected to the points 15 and II instead of the points l4 andI0. As fully explained in the application referred to, this change makesno difference in the essential operation of the antenna which thatapplication discloses.

If the vertical coaxial lines Ill, II, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6 and I1 haveindividual surge impedances of '70 ohms, then the loops 22, 23, 26 and21 should likewise have a surge impedance of '70 ohms. The loops 24 and25 should have individual surge impedances of 35 ohms. The impedance ofthe quarter wave transformers 20 and 2I is arranged to match theimpedances of the lines I8 and I9 to the parallel impedances across theends of these transformers connected to the points I6 and I2. This canreadily be done by varying the internal diameter of the inner conductorof the quarter wave coaxial lines which constitute the transformers 20and 2|. The surge impedance of a coaxial line is given by the formula138 log g:

where d1 is the inner diameter of the outer conductor and d2 the outerdiameter of the inner conductor of the coaxial line.

It will thus be seen that by merely varying d2, the quarter wavetransformers 20 and 2| may be made to have the proper surge impedancefor matching the lines I8 and I9 to the points I5 and I2. As is wellknown, the surge impedance of the transformers 20 and 2|, respectively,should be the geometric mean between the surge impedance of the line I8and the impedance at the point I6 on the one hand, and the surgeimpedance of the line I9 and the impedance at the point I2 on the otherhand, for proper matching.

Since the lines I8 and I9 are balanced lines, it will be obvious that ifthe instantaneous phase angle at I6 is 0, the phase angle at I2 is 1r,these points being of opposite phase, and the phase angle at I1 is 1rand the phase angle at I 3 is 0, these being again of opposite phase. Ifdesired, the loops 22 and 23 may be any other odd number of half wavelengths and the same result is obtained, Owing to the quarter wavelengths of the loops 24 and 25, the corresponding instantaneous phaseangles at I4 and II] are 7r 2 Bindthe phase of these two points beingagain opposite. Owing to the half wave loops 26 and 21, thecorresponding instantaneous phase angles at the points I5 and. I I are 5and ---5 these points again being of opposite phase. Thus, the pointsI0, II, I4 and I5 have phases which lag the phases at I8, II, I2 and I3,respectively, by ninety degrees, and the requisite phase quadrature isobtained.

Ifthe vertical lines I5, I I, I2, etc., are standard IO-ohm coaxiallines, and the loops 22, 23, 26 and 21 are 70-ohm coaxial lines, theymatch the impedances of the vertical lines. The coaxial lines 24 and 25,each being a 35-ohm caxial line, match the impedances of the two coaxiallines which are connected in parallel across their ends. That is, oneend of the line 24, for example, is connected at the point I4 to theparallel impedances of the two vertical lines I4 and I which haveimpedances of 70 ohms. The surge impedances of the main feeder lines I8and I9 are correctly matched to the parallel impedances at the points I6and I2 so that correct 4 implidance matching exists throughout thenetwor Since the impedance of the line 24 is equal to the parallelimpedances of the lines I6 and I1, equal power distribution between thepair of vertical lines I5 and I1 and the pair of vertical lines I4 andI5 is established. Furthermore, since the surge impedance of the line 25and the impedance of the vertical coaxial line I4 are equal, equaldistribution of power between the vertical lines I4 and I5 isestablished. Thus, equal distribution of power is established betweenall the vertical lines II), II, I2, I3, I4, I5, I5

7 and I], and the desired phase relation is estabof the lines I6 and I1.

lished as has before been described.

In some cases it has been found impracticable to connect the main feederlines I8 and I9 to opposite'vertical lines such as I6 and I2, but it hasbeen found possible to connect the main feeder lines to vertical linesof two adjacent pairs such as l4 and I2. For this purpose, themodification shown in Fig. 2 is preferably followed. The main feederline I9 is connected to the vertical feeder lines I 9, II, I2 and I3with the aid of the loops 23, 25 and 21 in exactly the same manner asshown in Fig. 1. Consequently, similar reference numerals are employedin Fig. 2 and it is not necessary to discuss the connections between I5,II, I2 and I3 on Fig. 2.

In Fig, 2 the main feeder lines are I8 and I9. I provide an extra lengthor loop 28 in the line I8 of one quarter wave length so that theterminals of the lines I8 and I9 which are connected to the transformers20' and 2| are not of opposite phase. Thus, if the instantaneous phaseangle at the terminal of line I8 is 0, the phase angle at the terminalof the line I9 is The corresponding instantaneous phase angles at thepoints I4 and I2, respectively, are

respectively. It will be obvious that the corresponding instantaneousphases at the points I0, II, I2 and I3 are the same as that given in thedescription of the preceding embodiment.

In the embodiment of Fig. 2, points I4 and I5 are connected by a halfwave loop 26' and the points I6 and I1 are connected by a half wave loop22. Likewise, the points I4 and I6 are connected by a three quarter wavelength line 24'. When the instantaneous phase angle of the point I4isthe phase angle at the point I5 is Likewise, the correspondinginstantaneous phase angle at the point I6 is 0 and the correspondinginstantaneous phase angle at the point I! is IT. Thus, it is to be notedthat I have established the same instantaneous phasing in theembodiments of both Fig. 1 and Fig, 2.

In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the impedance of the 70-ohm line I5 isproperly matched by a IQ-ohm loop 26 and a similar 70-ohm loop 22'matches the 70-ohm vertical line I7. A 35-ohm line 24' matches theparallel impedances of the lines I4 and I5 to the similar parallelimpedances As in the previously described embodiment, the quarter wavetransformers 2i) and 2! properly match the surge impedances of the linesit and E9 to the parallel impedances at the points M and i2 to whichthey are connected. Consequently, equal distribution of power in properphase relationship is supplied to all the vertical lines ill, ll, l2,l3, l4, l5, l6 and [1.

It will, of course, be understood that any of the lines 26, 22, El, 23,2 2 and 25 may be increased in length by any whole number of wavelengths.

My improved networks are particularly suitable for wide band operation,as for television transmission. Such wide band operation presents aproblem in the fact that the antenna impedance is not constant withfrequency. This impedance variation consists largely of a reactance termwhich becomes the greater as the frequency varies farther oil resonance.

The folded dipoles described in my copending application above referredto, provide one degree of compensation for this reactance term due tothe fact that the terminal impedance of each dipole is a combination ofa series-resonant impedance of the dipole and a parallel-resonantimpedance of the folded arms which form quarter-Wave short-circuitedlines. Since series and parallel resonant circuits have oppositelysloped reactance-frequency curves, the resulting impedance varies lesswith frequency than the seriesresonant impedance or theparallel-resonant impedance alone. The off-resonant reactance of all thedipoles fed from points Hi, for example (Fig. 1), add to a value equalto that at the points I6. Since the point Hi is connected to the pointit by the quarter wave length 24, the reactance at point 14 is invertedat the end of the line 2d connected to the point it, it is obvious thatthe variation of reactance at the point it is compensated by thevariation of reactance at the point iii. A similar degree ofcompensation is also attained in the embodiment of Fig. 2 so that themain line transformer terminal impedance variation is the same as in theembodiment of Fig. 1.

In the embodiment of Fig. 2, a third degree of compensation is realizedfrom the quarter wave length differential between the two lines I8 and 9at their terminals, resulting from the quarter wave loop 28 in the line83'. Whatever may be the value of the off-resonant reactance term at theterminals of the lines It and [9, this value, being equal for the twolines, appears at the transmitter end terminals with opposite signs forthe two lines, because the quarter wave length loop 28 inverts theimpedance of the-line 19 at the terminal of the line 8.

The two lines it and I9 are necessarily connected in series at thetransmitter in order to obtain the necessary balance voltages at thatpoint. The opposite reactance terms are compensating in the seriesconnection and the line input impedance characteristic, as viewed fromthe transmitter, is thereby made more nearly constant with varyingfrequency.

The embodiment of Fig. 3 is similar to that of Fig. 2 with the exceptionthat it is arranged for an unbalanced or single feed line so. The pointI4 is connected through a quarter wave transformer 29 to the singleunbalanced coaxial feeder line 36, the connecting point being designated3|. The point 12 is connected to quarter wave coaxial line transformer32 similar to the quarter wave transformer 29. The quarter wavetransformer 32 is connected at point 34 to a quarter wave length coaxialline 33 which is connected to the point 3|.

If the instantaneous phase at the point 3| is 0 then the instantaneousphases at the points l4 and I2 are and Tr respectively, so that the samephasing is obtained as in the two previously described embodiments.

The two transformers 29 and 32 match the parallel impedances at thepoints l4 and [2, respectively, to double the impedance of the mainfeeder line 39. The line 33 has a surge impedance double that of themain feeder line 30.

The identical impedance against frequency characteristics measured atthe points l4 and I2 appear at the point 3| with opposite phase anglesand compensate in the parallel connection. The result is a more uniformimpedance against frequency characteristic at the point 3| of the mainfeeder line 39, and thereforerefiections are reduced in the main feederline over a wider frequency band so that an improved line termina tionis attained. Consequently, my improved phasing network is well adaptedfor distributing power with frequencies within a relatively wide band. I

Since the impedance of the line 30 is matched at the point 3| by twoparallel impedances double the impedance of the line 30, it is obviousthat equal distribution of power is attained at all the points [0, ll,12, I3, l4, l5, l6 and H.

Although the invention has been described in connection with specificdetails of a preferred embodiment thereof, it must be understood thatsuch details are not intended to be limitative of the invention exceptin so far as set forth in the accompanying claims.

I claim:

1. A phasing network for feeding a pair of lines in opposite phases andanother pair of lines in opposite phases and in phase quadrature to thefirst said pair, comprising a main feeder line connected to one of apair of lines at a point of connection, a line of an odd number of halfwave lengths connecting said point of connection to the other of saidpair, a line of an odd number of quarter wave lengths connecting saidpoint of connection to one of the other pair of lines, and a line of anodd number of half wave lengths connecting last said line to the otherline of last said pair.

2. A phasing network for feeding a pair of lines in opposite phases andanother pair of lines in opposite phases and in phase quadrature to thefirst said pair, comprising a main feeder coaxial line connected to oneof a pair of lines, to a quarter wave coaxial line and to a half wavecoaxial line, said half wave coaxial line being connected to the otherline of said pair, the quarter wave coaxial line being connected to oneof the other pair of lines and to a half wave coaxial line, last saidhalf wave coaxial line being connected to the other of last said pair oflines.

3. A phasing network comprising four coaxial lines, a main coaxialfeeder line connected to one of first said coaxial lines, a coaxial lineof an odd number of quarter wave lengths connecting said main feederline to a second of said coaxial lines, and coaxial lines of an oddnumber of half wave lengths connecting the first of said coaxial linesto a third of said coaxial lines and the second of said coaxial lines toa fourth of said coaxial lines.

4. A phasing network comprising four coaxial lines,. a main coaxialfeeder. line, connectedlto. one of first said coaxial lines, a'c'oaxialline of an odd number 'of quarter .wave lengths connecting saidmain feeder line .to a second of saidlcoaxiallines, and coaxial lines ofan odd number of half wave lengths connecting the first of said coaxiallines to a third of said coaxial lines and the second of said coaxiallines to a fourth of said coaxial lines, the surge impedances'of thecoaxial lines of an odd number of half wave lengthsbeing equal to thesurge impedances of each of the four coaxial lines and the surgeimpedance of the coaxial line of an odd number of quarter wave lengthsbeing half the surge impedance of one of each of said four coaxiallines. 5. A phasing network comprising eight coaxial lines arranged inpairs in generally square pattern to constitute two pairs of oppositepair's'of'lines, two main feeder coaxial lines of opposite phaseconnected to two opposite lines, four coaxial lines of an odd number ofhalf wave lengths connecting the lines of each pair together, a'ndacoaxial line of an odd number-of quarter wave lengths connectingone-'n'ia-in feeder line to one of an adjacent pair of' firstsaidcoaxiallines, and another coaxial line of an odd number ofquarterWave lengths connectingthe other main feeder line to the coaxial line offirst said coaxial lines opposite last said one of an adjacent pair offirst said coaxial lines. o

6. A phasing network comprising eight coaxial lines arranged in pairs ingenerally squarepattern to constitute two pairs of opposite pairs oflines, two main feeder coaxial lines of opposite phase connected to twoopposite linesf fourfcoaxial lines of an odd number of half wave lengthsconnecting the lines of each pair together, and a coaxial line of an oddnumber of quarter wave lengths connecting one' 'rn'ain feeder lirie toone of an adjacent pair of first said coaxial lines, and another coaxialline of an odd number of quarter wave lengths connecting the other mainfeeder line to the coaxial line of first 'said'coaxial lines oppositelast said one of an adjacent pair of first said coaxial'lines, the surge'impedances' of first said coaxial lines and said coaxial lines of an'odd number of half wavelengths being equal and being double the surgeimpedance ofeach of the lines of an odd number of quarter wave lengths.

7. A phasing network comprising ei'ght coaxial lines arranged in pairsin generally square pattern to constitute two pairs of opposite pairs oflines, two main feeder coaxial lines in: phase quadrature, one of saidmain feederlines-being connected to one of a pair of 'feederlines', theother main feeder line being connected-tonne of an adjacent pair offeeder lines,'two coaxial lines connecting said main feeder lines toones of the other adjacent pairs, last said coaxial lines being of anodd number of quarter wave lengths and differing by an even number ofquarter wave lengths, and four coaxial lines ofian odd number of halfwave lengths connecting each pair of lines together. 7 h i 8. A phasingnetwork.comprisingceight coaxial lines arranged in pairs in generallysquare pattern to constitute two pairs of opposite pairs of lines, amain feeder coaxial line, connected topne of a first pair of feederlines, a quarter wave coaxial line connecting said feeder line to one ofa second adjacentpair of feederllines, a second main feeder coaxial lineconnected to one pf a third pair of feeder lines adjacent the first pairand opp t t s c ndpein,sei secendmein feeder line. b ingnadap dtto l adii hes tt first main feederline by ninety degrees, and a three-quarterwave coaxial line connecting second said main feeder line to one of thefourth pair of coaxial lines and four half wave coaxial lines connectingthe feeder lines of each pair.

9. A phasing network comprising eight coaxial lines arranged in pairs ingenerally square pattern to constitute two pairs of opposite pairs oflines; akpair of unbalanced main feeder coaxial lines, a quarter waveloop in one line whereby said line is adapted to lead the other line inphase by ninety degrees, last said feeder line being connected to one ofsaid pairs of coaxial lines, a three-quarter wave coaxial lineconnecting said feeder line to one of an adjacent pair of coaxial lines,the other main feeder coaxial line being connected to cheat a pair ofcoaxial lines opposite last said pair, a quarter wave length coaxialline connecting last said feeder line to one of the other pair ofcoaxial lines, and four half wave coaxial'lines connecting each pair ofcoaxial lines together,

10. In a phasing network having four feed points, incombination, a mainfeeder coaxial line connected to a first of said feed points, a coaxialline of an'odd number of quarter wave lengths connecting last said feedpoint to a second of said feed points, and a coaxial line of an'oddnumber of halfywave lengths connecting first said feed point to a thirdof said feed pointsQand a coaxial line of an odd number of halfwaveilengths' connectingthe second of said feed points to the fourth ofsaid feed points.

l1.'Ina phasing network comprising eight coaxial lines arranged in'pairsin generally square pattern to. constitute two pairs of opposite pairsof lines, in combination; a main feeder line connected tonne of a' pairof said coaxiallin'es, a coaxial lineof one quarter wavelengthtconnecting said main feeder line to a coaxial line of an adjacentpair, and a pair of half wave coaxial lines connecting the lines of eachof two last said pairs together. a 1 i 12.In a phasing networkcomprising coaxial lines arranged in pairs to constitute two pairs ofOpposite pairs of lines, in combination, a main feeder line comprisingtwo conductors one of which is connected to one of a first'pair of saidcoaxial lines, a quarter wave loop in said feeder line, the other one ofsaid feeder line conductors being connectedto one of a'second pairofcoaxial lines; a coaxial lineof three quarter wave lengths connectingsaid one conductor' ofbsaid m'ain feeder line toa coaxial'line of athird pair, three half 'wave: coaxial lines eachconnecting individually'the lines of each oi 'saidtfirst; second and third pairs together,the-lines constituting the fourth pair of said two pairs of oppositepairs of lines being connected together through. a'fourth half waveline, and a quarter wave line connecting said fourth pair to saidsecondpair;

13. A phasingnetwork comprising fourlcoaxial lines of equal surgeimpedance, amain coaxial feeder line, a quarter ,wave length coaxialline transformer connectingflsaid mainfeederline to one of said four;coaxial lines at a pointof connection, a coaxial line of an odd numberof quarter wave lengths connecting said point of connection to a secondof said coaxial lines, and coaxial lines of an odd number of half wavelengths connecting the first of saidcoaxial lines to a third of saidcoaxial lines and thesecond of s i cee a es to e u thof said. oa allines. a d ne tp an o n berte half w ve-le th havi a surge impe ance eual to that-o1. irst said coaxial lines, said coaxial line of an oddnumber of quarter wave-lengths having a surge impedance of half that ofsaid coaxial lines, said transformer having a surge impedance to matchthe surge impedance of the main feeder line to the parallel impedancesof the four coaxial lines.

14. A phasing network comprising eight coaxial lines arranged in pairsin generally square pattern to constitute two pairs of opposite pairs oflines, two main feeder coaxial lines of opposite phase, two quarter wavecoaxial line transformers connecting said main feeder lines to twoopposite lines of said eight coaxial lines at points of connection, fourcoaxial lines of an odd number of half wave lengths corinecting thelines of each pair together, a coaxial line of an odd number of quarterwave lengths connecting one of said points of connection to one of anadjacent pair of first said coaxial lines, and another coaxial line ofan odd number of quarter wave lengths connecting the other point ofconnection to the coaxial line of first said coaxial lines opposite lastsaid one of an adjacent pair of first said coaxial lines, the surgeimpedances of first said coaxial lines and said coaxial lines of an oddnumber of half wave lengths being equal and being double the surgeimpedance of each of the lines of an odd number of quarter wave lengths,said coaxial line transformers having a surge impedance which matchesthe surge impedances of the main feeder lines to the parallel impedancesof the two pairs of four coaxial lines.

15. A phasing network comprising eight coaxial lines arranged in pairsin generally square pattern to constitute two pairs of opposite pairs oflines, two main feeder coaxial lines in phase quadrature, quarter wavecoaxial line transformers connecting said feeder lines each to one ofadjacent pairs of first said coaxial lines, two coaxial lines connectingsaid main feeder lines to ones of the other adjacent pairs, last saidcoaxial lines being of an odd number of quarter wave lengths anddiffering by an even number of quarter wave lengths, and four coaxiallines of an odd number of half wave lengths connecting each pair oflines together, said eight coaxial lines and said four coaxial lines ofan odd number of half wave lengths having the same surge impedance andsaid lines of an odd number of quarter wave lengths having half lastsaid impedance, each of said transformers having a surge impedance whichmatches the surge impedance of the line to the parallel impedances offour of first said coaxial lines.

16. A phasing network comprising eight coaxial lines arranged in pairsin generally square pattern to constitute two pairs of opposite pairs oflines, a main feeder coaxial line, a quarter wave transformer connectingsaid line to one of said pairs of lines, a quarter Wave coaxial linetransformer and a quarter wave coaxial line loop connecting said mainfeeder line to one of an adjacent pair of first s'aid coaxial lines, twocoaxial lines connecting said transformers to ones of the other adjacentpairs, last said coaxial lines being of an odd number of quarter wavelengths and differing by an even number of quarter wave lengths, andfour coaxial lines of an odd number of half wave lengths connecting eachpair of lines together, said eight coaxial lines and the four coaxiallines of an odd number of half wave lengths having the same surgeimpedance, said two coaxial lines of an odd number of quarter wavelengths having half last said impedance, said quarter wave loop havingdouble the impedance of the main feeder coaxial "line and each of saidtransformers having an impedance which matches the parallel impedance offour of first said coaxial lines to double the impedance of the mainfeeder line.

1'7. A phasing network comprising four coaxial lines of equal surgeimpedance, a main coaxial feeder line, a quarter wave length transformerconnecting the termination of the main coaxial feeder line to one offirst said lines, a similar transformer and a quarter wave coaxial lineloop in series connecting said termination to another of first saidcoaxial lines, and a pair of coaxial lines of an oddmember of quarterwave lengths connecting said transformers to the other two of said fourcoaxial lines.

18. A phasing network comprising four coaxial lines of equal surgeimpedance, a main coaxial feeder line, a quarter wave length transformerconnecting the termination of the main coaxial feeder line to one offirst said lines, a similar transformer and a quarter wave coaxial lineloop in series connecting said termination to another of first saidcoaxial lines, and a pair of coaxial lines of an odd number of quarterwave lengths connecting said transformers to the other two of said fourcoaxial lines, last said pair of lines of an odd number of quarter wavelengths and first said four coaxial lines having equal surge impedances,said coaxial line loop having a surge impedance of double the surgeimpedance of the main coaxial feeder line, said transformers having animpedance which matches the parallel impedances at their point ofconnection to lines of the first said four coaxial lines to double theimpedance of the main coaxial feeder line.

19. A phasing network comprising eight coaxial lines arranged in pairsin generally square pattern to constitute two pairs of opposite pairs oflines, a main feeder coaxial line, a coaxial line connecting thetermination of said main feeder coaxial line to a first line of one pairof coaxial lines, a coaxial line longer than last said coaxial line byan odd number of quarter wave lengths connecting said termination to asecond line of an adjacent pair of lines, a pair of coaxial lines of anodd number of quarter wave lengths and differing in length by an evennumber of quarter wave lengths connecting said first and second linesrespectively to a third and fourth line of the other two pairs ofcoaxial lines, and four coaxial lines of an odd number of half wavelengths connecting the two lines of each pair of lines together.

20. A phasing network comprising eight coaxial lines arranged in pairsin generally square pattern to constitute two pairs of opposite pairs oflines, a main feeder coaxial line, a coaxial line connecting thetermination of said main feeder coaxial line to a first line of one pairof coaxial lines, a coaxial line longer than last said coaxial line byan odd number of quarter wave lengths connecting said termination to asecond line of an adjacent pair of lines, a pair of coaxial lines of anodd number of quarter wave lengths and difthe surge impedance of saidpair of lines of an oddnumber oi. quarter wave lengths differing by aneven 'number of quarterwave lengths bein half that impedance, thecoaxial lines connected to the termination of the main feeder coaxialline being'arranged to match double the impedance of the main feedercoaxial line-to'the parallel im-' pedances of four'of first-saidcoaxiallines;

-'21. A phasing network comprising four termina1s;-a main feederconnected to a first of said terminals, a line of an odds-number ofquarter Waves connecting said first terminal to a second of saidtermina1s, a lineof-an=odd number ,of quarter wave lengths connectingsaid second of said terminalsto a third of said terminals, and a line ofan-odd'number ofquarter wave lengths connecting said first terminal to afourth of said terminals. 7 I

-- -NATHAN W. ARAM.

- REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 5 fileof this patent;

UNITED STATES PATENTS

